1. Painting must be carried out in well ventilated areas . if ventilation is poor , or there is still air , forced ventilation on proper respiration masks should be restored to
   inhalation of solvent vapour must be avoided .
2. Blasters wears blasting helmet well ventilated and air conditioned.
3. All laborer wears safety shoes, gloves, coverall, masks and helmet during working times.
4. If paints comes in contact with eyes , splash clean , cold water to remove from eyes , if irritation persists , seek suitable medical advise .
5. Oil - based paint from skin should be removed by a skin cleaner (not by solvent) followed by soap & water . for water - based paint use soap & water .
6. If paints swallowed seek medical attention immediately .
7. Paints (specially lead - based) should be stored away from children , food , drink & animal feed
8. Keep paints away from fire & sparks . Avoid smoking if paints is inflamable.
9. Do not attempt left over paint into drain , waste should be disposed by landfill .
10. for epoxy based paint care must be taken to avoid eye , skin - contact , use gloves & googles to prevent irritation resultant from contact .

METHOD FOR STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION

• Degreasing :To remove oil ,grease & other contamination by applying solvent / degreaser to wash the surface , followed by wiping dry with clean cloth
• Scrapping & write -brshing : To remove loose rust , mill scale & old paint by hand or power tools . hand tools used are wire-brushing scraping , chipping , etc . power tools such as wire brush & grinders are more effective than hand tools
• Sanding :Is an alternative method for scrapping & wire brush & is used where the area for treatment is small , Both manual & mechanical (sanders) can be used
• Water blasting : A high speed water jet can also be used for removing rust , loose paint , chemical contamination , grease etc.. , prticularly effective for irregular surface where abrasive blasting is not possible. Hight pressure water blasting can also be carried out by using hot water or special cleaning agents
• Pickling : Rust & mill scale can be removed by acid & or chemical pickling . Recommended for in-shope treatment , not advisable for on site work.
• Sandblasting : Is most effective method of cleaning steel . It is recommended for remove of mill scale , heavy rust , rust scale & previous coating from exensive areas . Carful selection of equibment is essential for economical and desired result . Perior to sandblasting if is essential to degrease the steel
• Others : Paint stripper (paint remover) , Flame cleaning (burning off mill scale , rust , old paint etc) , Alkaline cleaning etc .

• The old Swedish standerds inistitution :
  Surface preparation standard for painting steel surface (SIS 055900-1967) .
• Steel structures painting council (U.S.A) :
  Surface preparation specification (SSPC-SP 2,3,5,6,7 & 10) .
• British standards institution :
  Surface finish of blast-cleaned steel for painting (BS 4232) .
• DIN 55928 , protection of steel structures from corrosion by organic and metallic coating , preparation and testing of surface (Gerany).

Application is the most important factor in painting
Following points should be very clear about the facts.

• Mixing : Should be proper and thorought and only the recommended thinning be done . paints with high solid contents should be mixed with power tool
• Primer & intermediate coat should be applied by air less painting gum
• two component paints should be mixed in exact ratio .
• Before coating all the corners and difficult approach areas be touched up by brush or roller .
• During painting the temperature of the serface should be at least few degree above the dew point , 3C/5F is often quoted as safe .
• In confined spaces it may be necessary to remove solvent vapour or water vapour by providing an adequate amount of fresh air during application and drying , both for reasons of safety and health , and to assist evaporation
• Painting equipment be cleaned properly and thoroughly

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